Overview
The 2019 National Transport Policy (NTP) provides Zambia with a comprehensive framework for developing an efficient, integrated, and safe transport system. It updates the 2002 policy to address emerging domestic, regional, and international challenges in infrastructure and service provision. The policy is aligned with Vision 2030 and aims to position Zambia as a regional transport hub by 2028.
Context
- Geographical: Zambia is a land-linked country surrounded by eight neighbors, with key access routes to all Southern African Development Community (SADC) ports. Its location offers unique potential for regional intermodal connectivity, though lack of direct sea access makes transport costly.
- Economic: The transport sector contributes nearly 8% to GDP and grew at an average of 14.6% (2002–2017), driven largely by mining and trade. However, infrastructure deficits and inefficiencies limit Zambia’s competitiveness.
Vision & Goal
- Vision: An integrated, sustainable, and safe transport system that supports Zambia’s transformation into a regional transport and logistics hub by 2028.
- Goal: To ensure efficient movement of people and goods, reduce transport costs, and improve access to markets while enhancing safety and environmental sustainability.
Guiding Principles
The policy is anchored on:
- Accessibility & affordability of transport for all citizens.
- Public–private partnerships (PPP) to mobilize resources.
- Co-modality – promoting optimal use of road, rail, air, and water in combination.
- Safety & sustainability – reducing accidents, fatalities, and environmental impacts.
- Regional competitiveness through improved corridor connectivity.
Policy Objectives
The NTP outlines general and specific objectives across all modes of transport:
1. Road Transport
- Expand and rehabilitate road networks.
- Develop non-motorized transport systems.
- Establish a Motor Vehicle Accident Fund.
- Promote labour-intensive road construction methods.
2. Railway Transport
- Transform rail into a safe, reliable, and competitive mode.
- Shift at least 30% of bulk and heavy cargo from road to rail.
- Upgrade infrastructure and separate operations from infrastructure management.
3. Maritime & Inland Waterways
- Upgrade ports and enhance safety on lakes and rivers.
- Promote water transport as a cost-effective alternative for rural areas.
4. Air Transport
- Expand aviation infrastructure and liberalize skies.
- Support Zambia’s role as an aviation hub in the region.
5. Pipeline Transport
- Encourage pipelines for petroleum and bulk liquids to reduce road damage and improve efficiency.
6. Intermodal & Corridor Development
- Integrate road, rail, air, and water networks.
- Enhance Zambia’s competitiveness along North–South, East–West, and Nacala corridors.
7. Research & Innovation
- Invest in ICT, data systems, and intelligent transport solutions.
- Promote innovation in green transport technologies.
Implementation Framework
- Institutional Arrangements: Stronger coordination between ministries, agencies, private sector, and local governments.
- Legislative Reforms: Review outdated transport laws and align with international standards.
- Financing: Leverage government resources, PPPs, and development partners.
- Monitoring & Evaluation: A dynamic system to track progress and adapt to changing needs.
Expected Outcomes
By 2028, the policy envisions:
- Zambia as a regional logistics hub with seamless intermodal transport.
- Reduced transport costs and enhanced access to markets.
- Safer, greener, and more sustainable transport infrastructure.
- Stronger partnerships between government, private sector, and regional players.
